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Peer-Reviewed Papers

20(S)-Protopanaxadiol, a metabolite of ginsenosides, induced cell apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells.Guo-Yuan Zhu et al.European journal of pharmacology, 668(1-2), 88-98 (2011-06-28) Snailase preparation of ginsenoside M1 from protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside and their protective effects against CCl4-induced chronic hepatotoxicity in mice.Wei Li et al.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 16(12), 10093-10103 (2011-12-08) Acylated protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides from the root of Panax ginseng.Guo-Yuan Zhu et al.Chemistry & biodiversity, 8(10), 1853-1863 (2011-10-19) Kinetics of a cloned special ginsenosidase hydrolyzing 3-O-glucoside of multi-protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, named ginsenosidase type III.Xue-Feng Jin et al.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 22(3), 343-351 (2012-03-28) Two novel hydroperoxylated products of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol produced by Mucor racemosus and their cytotoxic activities against human prostate cancer cells.Guangtong Chen et al.Biotechnology letters, 35(3), 439-443 (2012-11-28) Production of aglycon protopanaxadiol via compound K by a thermostable β-glycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus.Mi-Hyun Yoo et al.Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 89(4), 1019-1028 (2010-11-06) Integrated evaluation of malonyl ginsenosides, amino acids and polysaccharides in fresh and processed ginseng.Jin-Yi Wan et al.Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 107, 89-97 (2015-01-13) Lithium adduct as precursor ion for sensitive and rapid quantification of 20 (S)-protopanaxadiol in rat plasma by liquid chromatography/quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry and application to rat pharmacokinetic study.Yuanwu Bao et al.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS, 48(3), 399-405 (2013-03-16) Protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol bind to glucocorticoid and oestrogen receptors in endothelial cells.Kar Wah Leung et al.British journal of pharmacology, 156(4), 626-637 (2009-02-20) Conversion of protopanaxadiol type saponins to ginsenoside Rg3 by lemon.Cheng-Peng Sun et al.Natural product communications, 7(9), 1155-1156 (2012-10-19) Cytochrome P450 CYP716A53v2 catalyzes the formation of protopanaxatriol from protopanaxadiol during ginsenoside biosynthesis in Panax ginseng.Jung-Yeon Han et al.Plant & cell physiology, 53(9), 1535-1545 (2012-08-10) Chemoprevention of chemical-induced skin cancer by Panax ginseng root extract.Jyoti Sharma et al.Journal of ginseng research, 39(3), 265-273 (2015-07-23) Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of new fatty acid esters of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol.Ning Li et al.Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences, 66(5-6), 199-204 (2011-08-05) Conversion of protopanaxadiol type saponins to ginsenoside Rg3 by lemon.Cheng-Peng Sun et al.Natural product communications, 7(9), 1155-1156 (2012-10-19) 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol Inhibits Titanium Particle-Induced Inflammatory Osteolysis and RANKL-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis via MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.Chenhao Pan et al.Frontiers in pharmacology, 9, 1538-1538 (2019-02-05) Fungal sensitivity to and enzymatic deglycosylation of ginsenosides.Xuesong Zhao et al.Phytochemistry, 78, 65-71 (2012-03-28) The in vitro structure-related anti-cancer activity of ginsenosides and their derivatives.Hang Dong et al.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 16(12), 10619-10630 (2011-12-21) 20(S)-protopanaxadiol-aglycone downregulation of the full-length and splice variants of androgen receptor.Bo Cao et al.International journal of cancer, 132(6), 1277-1287 (2012-08-22) Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 modulates cytotoxic effects of protopanaxadiol on different human cancer cells.Bonggoo Park et al.BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 13, 194-194 (2013-07-31) Enhanced oral absorption of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol by self-assembled liquid crystalline nanoparticles containing piperine: in vitro and in vivo studies.Xin Jin et al.International journal of nanomedicine, 8, 641-652 (2013-02-22) A novel oral dosage formulation of the ginsenoside aglycone protopanaxadiol exhibits therapeutic activity against a hormone-insensitive model of prostate cancer.Alain Gulenga Musende et al.Anti-cancer drugs, 23(5), 543-552 (2012-04-07) Cell-type-specific regulation of raft-associated Akt signaling.Y Liu et al.Cell death & disease, 2, e145-e145 (2011-04-15) A nanostructured liquid crystalline formulation of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol with improved oral absorption.Xin Jin et al.Fitoterapia, 84, 64-71 (2012-09-26) Microbial transformation of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol by Absidia corymbifera. Cytotoxic activity of the metabolites against human prostate cancer cells.Guangtong Chen et al.Fitoterapia, 84, 6-10 (2012-10-02) An integrated high resolution mass spectrometric data acquisition method for rapid screening of saponins in Panax notoginseng (Sanqi).Chang-Jiang-Sheng Lai et al.Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 109, 184-191 (2015-03-18) Effects of steaming on saponin compositions and antiproliferative activity of Vietnamese ginseng.Thi Hong Van Le et al.Journal of ginseng research, 39(3), 274-278 (2015-07-23) Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.Liang Li et al.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 39(3), 472-483 (2010-12-09) Production of rare ginsenosides (compound Mc, compound Y and aglycon protopanaxadiol) by β-glucosidase from Dictyoglomus turgidum that hydrolyzes β-linked, but not α-linked, sugars in ginsenosides.Gi-Woong Lee et al.Biotechnology letters, 34(9), 1679-1686 (2012-06-01) A novel drug-phospholipid complex enriched with micelles: preparation and evaluation in vitro and in vivo.Hai-jian Xia et al.International journal of nanomedicine, 8, 545-554 (2013-02-23) Paraptosis and NF-κB activation are associated with protopanaxadiol-induced cancer chemoprevention.Chong-Zhi Wang et al.BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 13, 2-2 (2013-01-04) In vive and in vitro cardioprotective effects of panax quinquefolium 20(S)-protopanaxadiol saponins (PQDS), isolated from panax quinquefolium.Huali Xu et al.Die Pharmazie, 68(4), 287-292 (2013-05-25) Determination of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol ocotillol type epimers in rat plasma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Wenyan Wang et al.Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 887-888, 19-24 (2012-02-07) Gambogic acid as a non-competitive inhibitor of ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 reverses the multidrug resistance of human epithelial cancers by promoting ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 protein degradation.Xu Wang et al.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology, 112(1), 25-33 (2012-07-05) De novo assembly and comparative analysis of root transcriptomes from different varieties of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer grown in different environments.Gang Zhen et al.Science China. Life sciences, 58(11), 1099-1110 (2015-11-14) Identification and characterization of the Rhizobium sp. strain GIN611 glycoside oxidoreductase resulting in the deglycosylation of ginsenosides.Eun-Mi Kim et al.Applied and environmental microbiology, 78(1), 242-249 (2011-10-25) Metabolism of 20(S)- and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 by human intestinal bacteria and its relation to in vitro biological activities.Eun-Ah Bae et al.Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 25(1), 58-63 (2002-02-05) TRAIL pathway is associated with inhibition of colon cancer by protopanaxadiol.Zhiyu Zhang et al.Journal of pharmacological sciences, 127(1), 83-91 (2015-02-24) Intramammary infusion of Panax ginseng extract in bovine mammary gland at cessation of milking induces changes in the expression of toll-like receptors, MyD88 and NF-kB during early involution.Celina Baravalle et al.Research in veterinary science, 100, 52-60 (2015-04-14)

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